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                <text>MS 1036, Deuteronomy 28:41 to 30:20</text>
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                <text>MS1036 originates from the same Torah scroll as MS1037. The manuscript&#13;
consists of two columns of text from Deuteronomy 28:41 to 30:20.&#13;
The scroll details parts of Moses's final discourse to the Jewish people prior to entering the Promised Land. The parchment is found to be in good condition despite its age. However, it is very dirty and soiled. The ink has lost its original blackness and degraded to a brownish red coloring.&#13;
The scroll is written in an Eastern European hand that is a blend of "Ketav Bet Yosef" and "Arizal." Some salient characteristics are the large letter LAMED on the word "Vayashlikhem" and the square supra-lineal punctuation on the words "Lanu Ulbanenu Ad Olam." Text columns are formatted to contain 60 lines of text.</text>
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                <text>Claimed Age: 300 years. More likely 180 years old.</text>
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                <text>MS 1037 originates from the same Torah scroll as MS 1036. The manuscript consists of three columns of text from Deuteronomy 14:4 to 15:7. Its narrative details parts of Moses's exhortation to the Jewish people in the fortieth year in the desert to follow God's ways and to choose good over evil.&#13;
The scroll is written in an Eastern European hand that is a blend of "Ketav Bet Yosef" and "Arizal." Text columns are formatted to contain 60 lines of text but do not follow an Amudei Vav format. The parchment is found to be in good condition despite its age. However, it is very dirty and soiled. The ink has lost its original blackness and degraded to a brownish red.</text>
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                <text>Claimed Age: 300 years. More likely 180 years old.</text>
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                <text>MS 1042, Deuteronomy 6:20 to 12:12</text>
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                <text>MS1042 is written in a Moroccan hand. It contains one and a half sheets of parchment with a total of six columns of text. Each column of text is formatted to contain 48 lines. The scroll shows indications of damage by fire with the entire top margin burned.&#13;
This scroll employs a simple "North African" calligraphy patterned after a Spanish hand. Characteristic of this hand is the use of the CHET of Rashi and the lack of the KOTZ of Rabbenu Tam on the letters YOD. The KHAF SOFITS are squared on the top right-hand corner, with long upper TAGS placed on the PEHs and YODS. The GIMMELs are also written with their feet "stuck" to the bottom of the letters.</text>
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                <text>Claimed Age: 350 years. More likely 230 years old.</text>
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                <text>MS 1058, Deuteronomy 24:1 to 34:12</text>
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                <text>This partial scroll of Deuteronomy was removed from a larger and complete scroll. The sellers claim an age of 350+ years, however, formatting and script layout place it an age closer to 190 years. The scroll is written on a light golden tan gevil. The central part of the scroll shows patches and cello tape on the reverse side of the parchment utilized to repair holes and tears. The gevil still maintains a pungent smell of sheep, as the fat within the skin was not properly removed in the tanning process.&#13;
MS 1058 measures approximately 18 feet and covers a significant portion of the end of the Book of Deuteronomy. The text is formatted to contain 42 lines per column, all Amudei VAV. This type of formatting places the scroll at a younger age than claimed. Distinguishing features of this writ include KHAF SOFITs that are squared at the top, the use of the CHET of Rashi, SHINs and AYINs with their teeth over the middle of their descending verticals. All MEMs have their VAVIN stuck to the body of their respective roofs and NUNs are lengthened at times with YUDs hovering over their base. The letters YUD do not exhibit the use of the KOTZ of Rabbenu Tam.</text>
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                <text>This fragment originates from a Tunisian Synagogue. It is written in a beautiful North African hand. The fragment is not as old as portrayed, as evidenced by the condition of both the gevil and writing. Although the panel was damaged by liquid, the ink remains jet black without any flaking or peeling. Likewise, the very fine and beautiful crownlets remain visible without any indication of fading. The parchment, however, has dried, with only some of the sections retaining some of its original moisture and softness. The parchment’s coloring is a rich golden brown tan that is typical of Tunisian scrolls.&#13;
This scroll consists of two full Yeriot (sheets of parchment) containing a total of six columns of text. The scroll is formatted to contain 51 lines per column. Likewise, it follows the tradition of starting the writing of each column with a letter VAV (Amudei Vav). The Sephardic hand also incorporates the use of newer elements such as letter CHETs with pitched roofs and YODs with the KOTZ of Rabenu Tam. Featured in the text are the large LAMED of Vayashlikhem and dots placed over the words "LANU ULVANENU AD OLAM."</text>
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                <text>MS1028 contains two full parchment sheets (yeriot) that were removed from a larger Torah scroll. In total, there are seven columns of text describing the Biblical commandments of how to act when encountering a bird's nest, the making of tassels and many others.&#13;
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