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Beginning in the sixth century BCE, Persian kings ruled a vast, culturally diverse empire that stretched from northern Libya to central Asia. The regime and its rich multicultural traditions prospered for 250 years until its invasion, and eventual…

The Sufi phenomenon is not easy to sum up or define. This book is concerned primarily with the Persian mystics and looks at the history of the Sufi movement, the mystical states, fundamentals of Persian mysticism and Sufi practices.

"How did someone become pharaoh? -- What did a pharaoh do each day? -- Did the pharaoh personally lead his army into battle? -- How influential was the Great Royal Wife? -- How was a pharaoh embalmed and buried? -- Who was the last pharaoh (and it…

The Philokalia is a collection of texts written between the fourth and the fifteenth centuries by spiritual masters of the Orthodox Christian tradition. First published in Greek in 1782, then translated into Slavonic and later into Russian, The…

The Philokalia is a collection of texts written between the fourth and the fifteenth centuries by spiritual masters of the Orthodox Christian tradition. First published in Greek in 1782, then translated into Slavonic and later into Russian, The…

Traces the life of first-century Greek philosopher Posidonius, chronicling his adventures throughout the Celtic lands of ancient Gaul while explaining how he informed Rome about such aspects of Celtic culture as the druids, astrology, and human…

"Shihabuddin Suhrawardi (Sohravardi in Persian), known as maqtul (killed) because he was executed in Aleppo in 1191, is a figure of major importance in the development of Iranian and Islamic philosophical mysticism. In this volume, nine of his short…